An English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author
Hawking contracted ALS in 1963 at the age of 21
Here's a time line of Stephen Hawking's life:
1942 - Born in Oxford
1959 to 1962 - Specialises in physics at University College Oxford
1970 - Discoveres a remarkable property: by using quantum theory and general relativity he is able to show that black holes can emit radiation.
1977 - Appointed professor of gravitational physics at Cambridge.
1979 - Appointed Lucasian professor of mathematics at Cambridge.
1982 - Awarded a CBE by the Queen.
1988 -Publishes A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes, a classic introduction to today's most important scientific ideas about the cosmos.
1993 - Publishes Black Holes and Baby Universes, and other Essays, a collection of scientific articles exploring ways in which the universe may be governed.
1998 - Publishes Stephen Hawking's Universe: The Cosmos Explained, a book about the basis of our existence and of everything around us.
November 2001 - Releases Universe in a Nutshell in the UK, a book that unravels the mysteries of recent breakthroughs in physics.
September 2002 - Publishes The Theory of Everything: The Origin and Fate of the Universe, a book that presents the most complex theories of physics past and present.
July 2004 - Hawking announces that he has solved the Black Hole paradox, which has been a troubling scientists for years. He presents his most recent findings at the international conference on general relativity and gravitation in Dublin.